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Literary theory & criticism and Indian aesthetics.

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Hello, I am Pratikshaba, I am pursuing masters of arts (M.A.) in English literature.  Anandvardhana- Dhvani theory  🔷️ CLASS ASSIGNMENT  💿Introduction  Anandavardhana was a great Sanskrit literary critic of the 9th century. He introduced the Dhvani Theory in his famous work Dhvanyaloka. The word Dhvani means suggestion or implied meaning. According to Anandavardhana, the real beauty and soul of poetry lie not only in the literal meaning of words but in the suggested meaning that goes beyond what is directly expressed. This suggested meaning creates deeper emotional and aesthetic enjoyment for the reader. Thus, Dhvani theory explains that the essence of poetry lies in suggestion, which helps to express subtle feelings, ideas, and emotions effectively. This theory later became one of the most important principles of Sanskrit Poetics. 🎶 Summary of Dhvani Theory Anandavardhana is one of the greatest scholars of Sanskrit Poetics. He introduced the Dhvani Th...
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History of English literature: From 1900 to 2000

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Hello, I am Pratikshaba ,I am pursuing masters of arts  (M.A.)  in English literature. 🔷️HOME ASSIGNMENT   The setting - A.C.Word 💠Introduction  In Twentieth Century English Literature, A. C. Ward gives a brief and clear survey of the major writers and literary movements of the twentieth century. He explains how world events like the World Wars and social changes influenced literature. The book shows the shift from Victorian ideas to modern thoughts such as doubt, disillusionment, and experimentation. Ward highlights the rise of Modernism and new writing techniques, making the book a helpful guide to understanding modern English literature. 💠Background  The background of Twentieth Century English Literature is the rapid social, political, and cultural changes of the early twentieth century. This period was greatly influenced by the First and Second World Wars, industrial development, scientific discoveries, and new psychological theories. These events created...
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The American Literature

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Hello, I am Pratikshaba, I am pursuing masters of arts (M.A.) in English literature.  A Long days journey into the night 🔷️Home Assignment Long Day’s Journey into Night by Long Day’s Journey into Night 💠 Introduction Long Day’s Journey into Night is one of the greatest American plays of the 20th century. Written by Eugene O’Neill in 1941 and published in 1956 after his death, the play is largely autobiographical. O’Neill based the Tyrone family on his own family experiences. The play presents the emotional and psychological struggles of a family suffering from addiction, illness, regret, and broken dreams. The entire drama takes place in a single day at the Tyrone family’s summer home in Connecticut. The action moves from morning to midnight, symbolizing a journey from light (hope) to darkness (despair). ✨️ Summary of the Play The play is divided into four acts and takes place in one location. Act I (Morning) The day begins with a peaceful atmosphere, but tension quic...
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The twentieth century literature:- From world war ll to the end of century.

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Hello, I am Pratikshaba,  I am pursuing  masters of arts (M.A.) in English literature.  🔷️ CLASS ASSIGNMENT  Waiting for Godot  💠 Introduction Waiting for Godot is one of the most famous plays of the 20th century. Written by Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and first performed in 1953, the play changed modern theatre forever. It belongs to the “Theatre of the Absurd,” a style that explores the meaningless or uncertain nature of human life. At first glance, the play seems simple: two men wait by a tree for someone named Godot. But as the story unfolds, it becomes clear that the play is about much more than just waiting. 💠Summary Act I Vladimir and Estragon meet near a barren tree on a country road. They talk, argue, joke, and think about leaving, but they decide to stay because they are waiting for Godot. While they wait, two other characters enter: Pozzo, a wealthy and arrogant man, and Lucky, his servant who carries his bags and obeys...
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